How to prevent disorders of brain development in childhood?

Collaboration between parents, teachers, and health care professionals reduces the impact of neurodevelopmental disorders that can introduce some children from an early age and it affects their behavior, emotional management and academic performance in the future.

Regulating your sleeping hours and screen time are two keys to helping you from home. Manuel Riaño Garcón, director of the master’s program in psychology at Simon Bolivar University, explained how the risks can be reduced in this population.

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If parents or educators notice that children and adolescents react irritable and withdraw from negative experiences, has difficulty concentratingfrequent forgetfulness, it is difficult for them to work in groups and difficulties continue to read and write, we may be facing a possible neuropsychological disorder, which is defined as a change at a cognitive and behavioral level.

To deal with this type of situation, neurology is used, which is responsible for the scientific study of the development of the brain of the nervous system by specialties such as psychology, speech therapy, occupational therapy and psychiatry. for the teacher Manuel Riano Garcón Director of the Master’s Degree in Psychology at the Simon Bolivar University, through neuroscience “special situations of everyday life can be explained in terms of behavior, thoughts, emotions and of course, all the skills we have to relate to society. “

Technological advances have been fundamental in the evolution of human brain research, allowing childhood disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism, intellectual disabilities and some emotional such as depression and anxiety originating in childhood and adolescence. “Also, much more has been learned from neuroimaging techniques about childhood diagnoses. There is an interesting contribution from neural connections,” added Riaño Garcón, Ph.D., M.Sc. in Clinical Psychology and specialist in child neuropsychology.

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In addition to these achievements, which allow a thorough analysis of the anatomy and functionality of the brain, science is taking new steps in the study of the daily activities carried out by the human being through modifiable habits that are related to development brain, behavior, thoughts and emotions and that, treated in time, by public health programs, can prevent the onset of disease or disorder, which must be understood as a mental and systemic change.

Early childhood care target group

For the prevention and treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders in boys and girls, actions must be implemented that integrate health experts, teachers from educational institutions and parents so that they have access to basic information to facilitate the recognition of the first symptoms, “that they know the particularities of the disorder, because this knowledge allows us to understand the forms of behavior of children and their needs, in this sense, instead of the environment questioning the child, judging or indicating, this will be a key indicator to know how to accompany him and how to motivate him,” added Professor Riaño.

Faced with any of the types of disorders mentioned, the accompaniment of psychology should be oriented towards the emotional, social and cognitive components. in the first group it is necessary to recognize feelings of low self-esteem, emotions of sadness and especially low perception of one’s own abilities.

In the social component, it is necessary to find difficulties in interacting with others; while at the cognitive level, problems related to attention, memory, reading and writing skills, and complex reasoning are involved.

“The scientific research carried out by the Simón Bolívar University allowed us to conclude that one of the factors that most affects children and adolescents in terms of neurodevelopmental disorders is the large number of hours of experience in children,” he said. Professor Rianho Garcón, who argues that this is a consequence, in addition to the pandemic and the recent detention.

The screen problem was analyzed in terms of its relationship to cognitive abilities and psychological factors, finding in children and adolescents greater stress, reports of sadness, boredom, difficulty sleeping and fatigue.

Co-working at home, an alternative solution

Considering the data of the work carried out by the psychology program of the Unisimón campus in Cucuta, alternatives are being studied for the prevention of neural disorders by carrying out domestic activities that, according to Professor Riaño, “contribute to neurodevelopment, emotional development and behavior regulation skills.

A second alternative includes sports and physical activities, outdoors where possible, promoting habits of discipline, self-control skills and strengthening family ties.

The hours of sleep, which can vary between nine and ten, depending on the age of children and adolescents, are another an element that prevents disorder neuropsychological type. It is recommended that minors sleep in their own bed and fall asleep by their own means, and at least half an hour before falling asleep they are not in contact with technological devices.

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Likewise, Professor Riagno pointed out, parents should “find spaces, hopefully with good light reduction, so that children experience this contrast; that at night there is darkness, but that in the morning, when you wake up, the curtains can be opened so that they gradually receive the light of the sun”.

Children and adolescents, a population at risk

It is vital to be aware of the factors that influence children’s family and academic lives, especially when they start their educational process between the ages of five and six, given that at this stage they are developing skills related to the region the front part of the brain, they are simply the ones that allow us to self-control our behavior, to be autonomousto be able to wait, to organize and take initiative in what we do,” she added, while autonomy and independence are being strengthened in primary and university education.

Currently, the Simon Bolivar University, from the Bachelor’s Program in Psychology and the Master’s Program in Psychology, carries out technological innovations and field interventions that seek to improve children’s skills, some of them are implemented through agreements with schools in the city in which attention skills, self-control and emotional management are strengthened in groups of children, “which favors their performance at school, their emotional state, their coexistence and their behavior,” Riaño pointed out.

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